Caliph Hazrat Umar (R.A.) wherever he sent his army to fight, he would immediately order the sepoys to "follow the principles of war of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) thoroughly on the battlefield."
The battlefield was transformed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) into a place of worship and judgment for Allah Ta'ala. Caliph Hazrat Umar (R.A.) used the educational principles of Hazrat Rasulullah (S.A.W.) correctly in the battlefield.
The people of this world before the conquest of the world could never believe that only a few thousand Marucharis and Bedouins would blow up the two biggest powers of the world like this. Behind this victory is the incredible teachings of Islam.
When the Persian Emperor Khosru could not find any way, he asked the Chinese Emperor for help. The Emperor of China then informed the Persian Emperor Khosru about the movement
of the Muslims that there is any madman who will go to war against the Muslim nation!
The grandfather of the famous Abu Reza Farsi was present during the battle of Qadisiyya, saying, “I felt The arrows of Arabia were as weak as a thorn, but I later observed that it was that weak thorn that tore apart the Persian Empire. gave In fact, the justice, honesty and sincerity of Muslims. Through sincerity, saintliness, simplicity and sacrifice, they have conquered the world.
Likewise the bishop of Alexandria during the Egyptian campaign. Advised the hypocrites that “The Roman Empire has attained Nirvana.
Unite yourselves with the Muslims. The great Roman Empire is like a weak elephant in the face of a living tiger. If the Muslims could not conquer this world because of the teachings and ideals of Islam, then Arabs, nomadic Arabs, Bedouin Arabs would not dare to conquer this world.
Whenever the nation came in contact with the Muslims, they saw the sight of justice, honesty, genuineness and sincerity, saintliness, simplicity and self-sacrifice of the Muslims.
Seeing this scene they were attracted to Muslims with respect, devotion and love. It has sometimes been seen that Islam embraces life on the battlefield
blessed
The fact is, this victory of Islam was not achieved by any sword. This unimaginable task of theirs was solved only by virtue of the great teaching of Islam, the great ideal of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). Islamic education, culture, civilization, etc., all developed because of the appreciation of the Holy Qur'an and the practice of its knowledge. It was from this Holy Qur'an that the hungry Arabs won hundreds of golden ark keys that day.
For this reason, the crown of their heads was only the Qur'an. And this Holy Qur'an was invented with a view to their knowledge, Science, Literature and Culture. Centering this Qur'an on the later age During the period of the pious caliphs, the original curriculum of the evolution of society was revised and expanded in accordance with the Holy Qur'an. It is as follows: The Holy Qur'an Sharif: The correct and fundamental of Islamic teachings
Curriculum Holy Hadith Sharif: Words of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), agreeable actions and way of life. Fiqh Shastra: Islamic law mathematics. And this is Fekah
Shastra is the contribution of Hazrat Umar (RA), the second Caliph of Islam. Qiyas: Qiyas is the fourth foundation in Islamic jurisprudence. Judging according to the rules of the Holy Qur'an and the Hadith, inferring these two aims. This Qiyas was originated by Caliph Hazrat Umar (RA).
Ijma: Ijma is the Holy Qur'an and Hadith, then everyone relied on this Ijma. And this ijma was popularized by the first caliph of Islam, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA). Qiyas was not in circulation at that time.
Ijtihad: Ijtihad is the application of conscience. Once Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) appointed Mu'adh bin Jabal as the governor of Yemen. After that he asked, "How will you judge?" He then replied, "I will judge based on the Qur'an." Then the Prophet (PBUH) said again, "What will you do if you do not find it even in the Qur'an?" In response to this question, he said, "I will take the help of the hadith." Hazrat Rasulullah (SAW) said again, "What if you don't find it in the hadith?" Then he replied, "At that moment from his own conscience." Hazrat Rasulullah (SAW) was very happy to hear his answer and said, O Allah, you have given me an Ummah that wants to use its own conscience.
Building a mosque
The reign of Hazrat Umar (RA) was called the Golden Age of Islam. In this golden age, Caliph Hazrat Umar (RA) glorified and glorified several works, one of them is the construction of mosques. Muhaddith Jamaluddin described in his 'Rawatul Ahba' that four thousand mosques were built during the Caliphate of Hazrat Umar (RA).
Hazrat Umar (RA) used to strictly order all the armies that the battlefield should be like the house of worship of Allah Ta'ala and the court of people. And all the soldiers were forced to obey his orders.
Enhancing the Holy Kaaba Sharif
As the number of pilgrims increased manifold during the holy Hajj with the spread of Islam, the Muslims faced a problem regarding the location of the Kaaba Sharif. Then Caliph Umar (R.A.) focused on increasing the area of ??the Kaaba Sharif by buying the areas surrounding the Kaaba Sharif. Thus, Hazrat Umar (R.A.) greatly increased the area of ??the Ka'ba Sharif and converted the additional area into a protected area by adding a wall. And so that there is no darkness in this place at night, he arranges the light. Kaaba Sharif since long ago It was covered with very precious cloth. The covering was made of cloth called 'Nrita' in those days. From the time of Hazrat Caliph Umar (R.A.), the Gilaf-e-Kaaba was made with precious cloth called Kabati' in Egypt. So far, Egypt has not missed that prestigious action.
Masjid-e-Nababi
The Prophet's Mosque was enlarged and cultured by Caliph Umar (RA). Due to the increase in the number of Muslims in Madinah during the reign of Caliph Umar (RA), it became necessary to increase the size of Masjid-e-Nabbi.
Therefore, when Caliph Umar (R.A.) expressed his opinion to purchase and acquire the areas around Masjid-e-Nabbi in 17 A.H., a man named Abbas filed a case in the court of Ubai bin Kaab under the name of Caliph.
The Caliph lost the trial. Later, Abbas regretted knowing the good intentions of Caliph Umar (RA) and finally donated his house for the mosque. Then the length of Masjid-e-Nabbi increased from 100 yards to 140 yards.
The width increases to 20 yards. The structure of Masjid-e-Nabi was not altered during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Hazrat Umar (R.A.) arranged lights and perfumes in Masjid-e-Nababi. During the period of Hazrat Umar (RA) there was no such precious carpet or carpet in the mosque of Madinah.
Walked through any ordinary mat. And Hazrat Umar (R.A.) used to conduct his affairs by sitting on this common mat and keeping the lamp burning.
Judge appointed
Hazrat Umar (RA) used to be more careful while appointing Qaza or judges. He used to say that it is not right to appoint such a person as Qazi or judge who is not a person of dignity to the people and people do not have faith and trust in him.
Umar (RA) appointed Zayd-bin-Sabit as the judge of Madinah. Zayd bin Thabit was the scribe of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) himself. He was very knowledgeable about Arabic, Hebrew, Syriac and other languages. When a foreigner came to Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh), he used to act as an interpreter. He was the first scribe of the Holy Quran.
Meanwhile, the Qazi appointed to Basra, Kar-bin-sur-al-Azdi. He acquired the reputation of a great sage in knowledge and meditation during that period. Appointed Ibada-bin-Samat as Qazi in Palestine. He was one of the five Hafez of the Holy Qur'an during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Hazrat Umar (R.A.) often used to say, "If anyone wants to learn the Holy Qur'an, then go to Ibada-bin-Samat."
The famous Companion Abdullah-bin-Masud was the Qazi of Kufa. His integrity, knowledge and steadfastness to truth. These qualities of his attracted the people of Kufa.
Some of the other judges were those who did not get the opportunity to meet and be companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) They were Shurayh, Ali 'Aqd-ul-Arab'. It means, the best jurist of Arabia. Indeed he was hailed as the greatest jurist of Arabia. Hazrat Umar (RA) fixed high salary for judges.
The reason is that they cannot accept any injustice or injustice in their family life. Five hundred dirham fixed salary for them.
They could not resort to any other means of income other than justice. The main principles of this engagement were, good family, saintly person, wise man, respect of people etc.